Hypothyroidism in children is a hormonal disorder that occurs when the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroxine, the hormone responsible for metabolism and growth.
This condition may be present from birth, so parents should be vigilant and consult a doctor immediately if symptoms appear to avoid complications.
What is hypothyroidism in children
Hypothyroidism in children occurs when the thyroid gland is unable to produce enough hormones, leading to unexplained weight gain and delayed physical development.
Causes of hypothyroidism in children
A child can develop hypothyroidism for several reasons, including:
- A family history of the condition.
- Congenital hypothyroidism due to genetic mutations.
- Iodine deficiency in the child's diet.
- Pituitary gland dysfunction.
- Hashimoto's thyroiditis (an autoimmune disease).
- Thyroid disorders in the mother during pregnancy.
- Cancer in the child and exposure to radiation therapy.
Symptoms of Hypothyroidism in Children
The symptoms of hypothyroidism vary from child to child depending on the severity of the condition and their age. These symptoms may include:
- Fatigue.
- Constipation.
- Weight gain.
- Dry skin.
- Slow heart rate.
- Delayed eruption of permanent teeth.
- Delayed physical and mental development.
Diagnosis of Hypothyroidism in Children
A doctor can diagnose hypothyroidism in a child by observing the symptoms and monitoring their growth. Blood tests are then performed to measure thyroid hormone levels.
Treatment of Hypothyroidism in Children
Treatment focuses on hormone replacement, and one of the most important methods is the use of synthetic thyroxine.
Medications for Treating Hypothyroidism in Children
Several medications are available to treat hypothyroidism, but they must be used under the supervision of a doctor to determine the appropriate dosage. These medications include:
- Lythroxine.
- T4-thyroxine.
- Thyroxine.
- Tryoxin.
Are there complications of hypothyroidism in children
Yes, if a child's treatment or follow-up with a doctor is neglected, serious complications can occur, such as:
- Delayed puberty.
- Anemia.
- Delayed mental development.
- Heart failure.
- Heart rhythm disorders.
Prevention of hypothyroidism in children
Prevention may be difficult if the cause is genetic or congenital, but in some cases, prevention is possible only with early detection Prevention methods include:
- Regular follow-up if there is a family history of the condition.
- Newborn thyroid screening.
- Ensuring adequate iodine intake in the child's diet.
- Pregnant women consuming iodine-rich foods.
Frequently Asked Questions
What vitamin treats thyroid problems
Several vitamins help support thyroid function, including vitamin D and vitamin B12.
Can hypothyroidism in children be cured
In most cases, yes, if the cause is iodine deficiency. However, if the cause is genetic, lifelong treatment is required.
What foods stimulate the thyroid gland
Fish is a good source of iodine, and strawberries, spinach, kale, dairy products, and nuts also help to activate the thyroid gland.
Is vitamin C beneficial for the thyroid gland
Yes, it helps support the body's immunity and improves hormone absorption.
Article Summary
Hypothyroidism in children is a hormonal disorder that occurs due to genetic or immunological factors, or as a result of iodine deficiency in the child's diet.
Parents should not neglect follow-up appointments with a doctor and treatment for their child, especially if there is a family history of this condition, to avoid potential complications.