What is leukemia?
Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects white blood cells, which are responsible for defending the body against infections.
In this disease, abnormal cells start multiplying uncontrollably inside the bone marrow and blood, which disrupts the production of healthy cells.
This imbalance leads to weakened immunity, anemia, and an increased risk of bleeding or infections.
The disease usually does not appear suddenly; its symptoms develop gradually and may be discovered by chance during routine checkups.
What are the causes of leukemia?
There are several common causes of leukemia, including:
- Genetic factors that increase the likelihood of developing the disease
- Exposure to radiation or harmful chemicals for long periods
- Weak immune system or chronic illnesses
- Smoking, which raises the risk of certain types of cancer
- Random genetic mutations that occur spontaneously
What are the common symptoms of leukemia?
Patients may experience several common symptoms, such as:
- Persistent fatigue and exhaustion
- Unexplained weight loss
- Frequent fever or high temperature
- Unusual bruising or bleeding
- Swollen lymph nodes or spleen
- Noticeable night sweats
When should you see a doctor?
It is advised to seek medical attention immediately if any of the following occur:
- Frequent bleeding or unexplained bruises
- Rapid and unexplained weight loss
- Persistent fever for several days without a clear cause
- Swollen glands or abnormal bone pain
How is leukemia diagnosed?
The disease is diagnosed using several methods, including:
- Complete blood count to check blood cell levels
- Bone marrow biopsy to identify abnormal cells
- Genetic tests to detect related mutations
- Imaging tests such as X rays or MRI to assess disease spread
What are the treatment options for leukemia?
There are several treatment methods, including:
- Chemotherapy to destroy cancer cells
- Radiation therapy in advanced cases
- Bone marrow transplant to replace damaged cells
- Immunotherapy to boost the immune system against cancer cells
- Targeted drugs that focus on genetic mutations
Can leukemia be cured?
Yes, recovery is possible in some cases, especially if the disease is detected early and treated properly.The outcome depends on the type of leukemia, the patient's age, and the body's response to treatment.
What are the prevention tips for leukemia?
Here are some tips to reduce the risk:
- Avoid smoking and harmful chemicals
- Follow a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables
- Exercise regularly to support immunity
- Get regular checkups, especially if there is a family history of the disease
What are the possible complications of leukemia?
If left untreated, complications may include:
- Severe anemia
- Frequent infections due to weak immunity
- Internal or external bleeding
- Organ failure
Frequently Asked Questions about Leukemia
What is the difference between acute and chronic leukemia?
Acute leukemia develops quickly and requires immediate treatment, while chronic leukemia progresses slowly.
Does leukemia affect hair?
Yes, hair loss may occur due to chemotherapy, not the disease itself.
Can a patient live a normal life after treatment?
In many cases, yes especially with proper adherence to treatment plans.
Can leukemia cause infertility?
Some treatments may affect fertility, so consult your doctor before starting therapy