Favism is one of the most common types of hereditary anemia among children. It occurs when certain foods cause sudden red blood cell destruction.
What is favism?
Favism is a type of hereditary anemia caused by a deficiency of an enzyme in red blood cells, which leads to their destruction when consumed with beans or certain medications. This causes symptoms such as paleness, jaundice, and fatigue.
Causes of favism in children
Favism occurs as a result of a deficiency of a specific enzyme in blood cells that makes them more susceptible to destruction. The most prominent causes and triggering factors for this include:
- Eating beans or similar legumes.
- Taking certain medications, such as painkillers or antibiotics, without consulting a doctor.
- A viral or bacterial infection.
- Exposure to chemicals or naphthalene.
- A family history of the disease.
Symptoms of favism
Symptoms usually appear after exposure to the cause and include distinct, easily noticeable signs such as:
- Paleness and general weakness.
- Yellowing of the skin and eyes.
- Dark urine.
- Rapid heartbeat.
- Dizziness or difficulty breathing in severe cases.
Methods for Treating Favism in Children
Treatment relies on avoiding the triggers and supporting the body during episodes of hemolysis. Effective treatment methods include:
- Immediately stopping the foods or medications that cause symptoms.
- Drinking adequate amounts of water to help eliminate blood breakdown products.
- Taking supportive medications prescribed by a doctor to improve the general condition.
- In severe cases, the child may require a blood transfusion to replace the lost blood.
Methods for Preventing Favism
The occurrence of episodes can be reduced or completely avoided by following the following preventive instructions, such as:
- Avoid eating beans and similar legumes.
- Read the ingredients of medications and foods carefully before giving them to your child.
- Inform the doctor or school about your child's condition to avoid any unintended exposure.
- Regular follow-up with a specialist to monitor the condition.
Is favism a chronic disease?
Yes, it is a hereditary condition that lasts a lifetime, but it can be easily controlled by avoiding the triggers.
Can a child eat other legumes?
This depends on the severity of the condition, and you should consult a doctor before taking any new type.
What are the most serious complications of favism?
The most serious is severe anemia or kidney failure if treatment is not followed.
Article Summary
Fava bean anemia is a condition that can be easily controlled with awareness and complete avoidance of its causes. Regular follow-up with a doctor ensures a healthy and safe life for your child.