Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common health problem during pregnancy and can cause complications if not treated appropriately. Physical and hormonal changes in a pregnant woman's body make her more susceptible to these infections.
Causes of Urinary Tract Infections During Pregnancy
These infections occur as a result of multiple biological and hormonal factors during pregnancy, such as:
- Hormonal changes that affect bladder function.
- The expanding uterus puts pressure on the bladder and prevents complete urination.
- Slower urine flow increases the risk of bacterial growth.
- Changes in urine pH
Symptoms of Urinary Tract Infections
Symptoms can be obvious or subtle and should be addressed early. They include:
- Pain or burning during urination.
- Frequent urination with small amounts.
- Foul-smelling or cloudy urine.
- Lower abdominal or back pain.
- Fever in advanced cases.
The Dangers of Urinary Tract Infections to the Fetus
Neglecting treatment can lead to complications that affect pregnancy, including:
- Increased risk of premature birth.
- Low birth weight.
- Kidney infection if infection develops.
- Increased risk of infection after birth.
Impact of Hormonal Changes
Hormones play a major role in increasing the risk of infection, as:
- High progesterone weakens the bladder muscles.
- Slow urine flow allows bacteria to accumulate.
- Changes in the body's immunity during pregnancy.
Types of Urinary Tract Infections During Pregnancy
Types of infections vary depending on their location in the urinary system, including:
- Cystitis is the most common type.
- Urethritis.
- Kidney infection is the most serious.
- Presence of bacteria in urine without symptoms, a silent infection.
Safe Diagnostic Methods for Urinary Tract Infections
The diagnosis must be accurately confirmed before starting treatment by:
- Complete urinalysis.
- Urine culture to determine the type of bacteria.
- Checking clinical symptoms.
- Regular follow-up with a physician.
Factors that Increase the Risk of Infection During Pregnancy
Some pregnant women are more susceptible to urinary tract infections due to specific conditions, including:
- A history of urinary tract infections.
- Pregnancy with twins or more.
- Gestational diabetes.
- Lack of water intake or urinary retention.
Natural Remedies During Pregnancy
Some simple habits can support drug therapy and reduce symptoms, including:
- Drinking adequate amounts of water.
- Urinating regularly and not delaying the urge to urinate.
- Drinking natural cranberry juice in moderation.
- Cleaning the genital area from front to back.
Methods for Preventing Urinary Tract Infections
Following a healthy routine helps avoid recurring infections by:
- Wearing cotton underwear.
- Avoiding scented chemicals in the sensitive area.
- Washing your hands before and after using the bathroom.
- Maintaining daily personal hygiene.
Article Summary
Urinary tract infections during pregnancy are common, but they should not be ignored, as they can affect the health of both the mother and fetus.
It can be prevented by drinking plenty of water, maintaining personal hygiene, and avoiding habits that impede complete bladder emptying. If symptoms appear, it's essential to consult a doctor immediately to diagnose the condition and prescribe appropriate treatment. Preventive care is key to maintaining a healthy and safe pregnancy.