Insulin resistance is a common health problem affecting women and directly affects blood sugar balance.
It may not initially present with obvious symptoms, but it is linked to serious complications such as diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Therefore, understanding its causes and treatment methods is an essential step in maintaining overall health and preventing chronic diseases.
What is insulin resistance?
It is a condition in which the body does not respond normally to the hormone insulin, leading to a buildup of sugar in the blood. It occurs when body cells, such as the muscles and liver, are unable to use insulin effectively.
Causes of insulin resistance in women
The causes of insulin resistance vary and are often related to lifestyle and genetic factors, including:
- Weight gain, especially around the abdomen.
- Lack of physical activity.
- A diet high in sugars and refined carbohydrates.
- Chronic stress and sleep disturbances.
- Genetic factors and family history.
- Hormonal imbalances such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Symptoms that appear in women when infected
The symptoms may be subtle, but there are signs that warrant attention, such as:
- Constant fatigue.
- Weight gain or difficulty losing weight.
- Sugar cravings.
- Dark skin pigmentation, especially around the neck or underarms.
- High blood sugar or cholesterol levels.
- Menstrual irregularities or difficulty conceiving.
Methods for Diagnosing Insulin Resistance
Diagnosis is made through blood tests and clinical examinations, such as:
- Fasting blood sugar test (FBS).
- Glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
- Blood insulin level.
- HbA1c test (glycated hemoglobin)
- Triglycerol and cholesterol tests.
Possible Complications of Infection
If left untreated, it can lead to serious health problems, including:
- Type 2 diabetes.
- Heart disease and high blood pressure.
- Excessive weight gain or obesity.
- Infertility or reproductive disorders.
- Fatty liver disease.
- Deterioration of mental health, such as depression and anxiety.
Medications for Treating Insulin Resistance in Women
Some medications are used to improve the body's response to insulin, including:
- Metformin, which reduces the liver's production of glucose and improves the body's use of insulin.
- Diabetes-lowering medications such as GLP-1 agonists.
- Hormonal contraceptives in the presence of polycystic ovary syndrome.
Caution: Medications must be used under the supervision of a medical professional.
Other Non-Drug Treatments
Treatment requires lifestyle changes, with or without medication, through:
- Exercising regularly for at least 30 minutes daily.
- Reducing sugar and simple carbohydrate intake.
- Losing excess weight, especially around the abdomen.
- Eating more fiber, vegetables, and healthy proteins.
- Getting enough sleep and reducing stress.
- Continuous medical follow-up.
Methods for Preventing Insulin Resistance
Prevention is possible through simple, sustainable healthy habits such as:
- Maintaining a healthy weight.
- Exercising regularly.
- Eating a balanced diet.
- Avoid fast food and sugary drinks.
- Conduct regular checkups, especially if there is a family history.
How does it affect a woman's daily life?
Insulin resistance can significantly impact quality of life by:
- Causing mood and energy swings.
- Affecting fertility and menstrual cycles.
- Increasing the risk of chronic diseases.
- Leading to a constant feeling of fatigue.
- Requiring ongoing commitment to a healthy lifestyle.
What is the difference between insulin resistance and diabetes?
Although insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are related, there is a clear difference between them:
- Insulin resistance is an early stage before the development of diabetes, in which the body is able to produce insulin but is unable to use it efficiently.
- Type 2 diabetes is a more advanced stage, in which the body is unable to control blood sugar levels despite producing insulin, and may require medication or even external insulin.
Article Summary
Insulin resistance is a silent health condition that affects many women and is linked to multiple causes, including obesity, inactivity, and hormonal imbalance.
Although it may be symptomless, its long-term effects can be serious if not detected and treated early. Regular checkups, lifestyle changes, and medical follow-up can effectively control it and prevent its progression to diabetes.