Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that causes shortness of breath and recurring coughing.
During pregnancy, the condition may become more complicated due to hormonal and physical changes, making symptom control essential to maintaining the health of both mother and fetus.
What is asthma?
Asthma is a chronic inflammation of the airways, leading to narrowing and increased mucus production, causing difficulty breathing.
Causes of Asthma in Pregnant Women
Asthma in pregnant women is associated with several factors, the most important of which are hormonal and physical changes during pregnancy. The most prominent causes include:
- Hormonal changes affecting the airways.
- Increased sensitivity of the respiratory system to allergens.
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease, which is more common during pregnancy.
- Exposure to triggers such as dust, smoking, or strong odors.
Asthma Symptoms During Pregnancy
Asthma symptoms in pregnant women appear gradually and vary in severity from one woman to another. The most prominent include:
- Shortness of breath and difficulty breathing.
- Wheezing.
- Frequent coughing, especially at night.
- A feeling of tightness in the chest.
Asthma Complications for the Mother and Fetus
Uncontrolled asthma during pregnancy can lead to complications that affect both the mother and fetus, the most prominent of which are:
Asthma Complications for the Mother:
- High blood pressure and preeclampsia.
- Increased risk of cesarean delivery.
- Severe asthma attacks, which can be life-threatening for the mother.
Asthma Complications for the Fetus:
- Low oxygen to the fetus.
- Low birth weight.
- Increased risk of preterm birth.
Methods for Diagnosing Asthma in Pregnant Women
Asthma in pregnant women is diagnosed through a combination of medical history and medical tests. The most prominent diagnostic methods are:
- Medical history and physical examination.
- Lung function measurement.
- Monitoring symptoms and respiratory rates during pregnancy.
Methods for Preventing Asthma in Pregnant Women
Pregnant women can reduce asthma attacks and control symptoms by following some preventive steps, the most important of which are:
- Avoiding allergens such as dust and pollen.
- Avoid smoking and smokers.
- Maintain a healthy weight during pregnancy.
- Commit to regular medical follow-up.
Asthma Treatment in Pregnant Women
Asthma treatment during pregnancy aims to control symptoms and protect both mother and fetus. The most important treatment methods are:
- Avoiding allergens such as dust and smoke.
- Using approved bronchodilators.
- Inhaled corticosteroids under the supervision of a physician.
- Practicing breathing and relaxation exercises.
- Regular medical follow-up to adjust treatment.
When should you consult a doctor?
You should consult a doctor immediately if you experience severe or unusual symptoms. The most prominent cases that require medical intervention include:
- If symptoms worsen and are difficult to control.
- If severe asthma attacks occur that affect breathing.
- If symptoms such as blue lips or dizziness appear.
Does asthma affect the fetus?
Yes, but if left uncontrolled, it may reduce oxygen delivery to the fetus.
Can an inhaler be used during pregnancy?
Yes, some types of inhalers are safe and should be continued after consulting a doctor.
Does asthma get worse after giving birth?
Symptoms often return to normal after giving birth, but this varies from case to case.
Summary of the causes of asthma in pregnant women and methods of prevention and treatment
Asthma in pregnant women is often caused by hormonal changes and allergies to allergens such as dust and smoke. It can be prevented by avoiding triggers and following a healthy lifestyle, while treatment relies on safe inhalers and regular medical follow-up.