What is ovarian cancer?
Ovarian cancer is one of the most serious cancers affecting women. It occurs when ovarian cells begin to grow abnormally.
It often develops silently without noticeable symptoms in its early stages, and early detection increases the chances of successful treatment and recovery.
What are the causes of ovarian cancer?
There are various causes and factors that may lead to ovarian cancer, including:
- Genetic factors and a family history of cancer.
- Advancing age, especially after 50.
- Long-term hormonal imbalances.
- Never having been pregnant or giving birth.
- Long-term use of certain hormonal medications.
What are the common symptoms of ovarian cancer?
Symptoms appear gradually and are often subtle at first. The most prominent include:
- Persistent abdominal bloating or a feeling of fullness.
- Pain or pressure in the pelvic area.
- Loss of appetite or feeling full quickly.
- Menstrual irregularities.
- Persistent fatigue or general weakness.
When should you see a doctor?
It is recommended to see a doctor immediately if you notice any of the following signs:
- Abdominal pain or bloating that doesn't go away.
- Unusual changes in your menstrual cycle.
- Unexplained weight loss.
- A family history of ovarian cancer.
- Symptoms that persist for more than two weeks.
How is ovarian cancer diagnosed?
The disease is diagnosed using several methods that help determine the stage accurately, including:
- Pelvic exam.
- Abdominal and pelvic ultrasound.
- Blood tests for tumor markers such as CA-125.
- CT scan or MRI.
- Taking a biopsy of the tumor and analyzing it in a laboratory.
What are the treatment options for ovarian cancer?
The treatment method depends on the type and stage of the tumor and includes:
- Surgery to remove the affected ovary or tumors.
- Chemotherapy to destroy cancer cells.
- Radiation therapy in some cases.
- Targeted or immunotherapy for advanced cases.
- Regular follow-up after treatment to prevent recurrence.
Is ovarian cancer curable?
Recovery is possible with early detection and adherence to appropriate treatment, which includes:
- High recovery rates in the early stages.
- Good response to chemotherapy.
- The necessity of continuous follow-up after recovery.
- Improving lifestyle to support the immune system.
- Psychological support helps with adaptation and recovery.
What are some tips for preventing ovarian cancer?
The risk of developing ovarian cancer can be reduced by following a healthy and balanced lifestyle, such as:
- Maintaining a healthy weight and exercising regularly.
- Eating a diet rich in fiber, fruits, and vegetables.
- Avoiding smoking and alcohol.
- Regular checkups, especially after age 40.
- Consulting a doctor if there is a family history of the disease.
What are the possible complications of ovarian cancer?
Neglecting treatment can lead to serious complications, such as:
- Cancer spreading to other organs.
- Fluid accumulation in the abdomen or pelvis.
- General weakness and loss of appetite.
- Chronic anemia due to weight loss.
- Impact on fertility and the ability to conceive.
Frequently Asked Questions about Ovarian Cancer
Is ovarian cancer hereditary?
Yes, it can be transmitted through genetic mutations such as BRCA1 and BRCA2.
Is it preventable?
Complete prevention is difficult, but early screening reduces the risk.
Does it affect fertility?
Yes, especially if the ovaries are removed during treatment.
Can the disease recur after recovery?
It can in some cases, so follow-up is essential.
Is the treatment painful?
Treatment may cause some side effects, but these are temporary and can be managed with medication.
Article Summary
Ovarian cancer is a serious disease that requires awareness and continuous monitoring.
Accounting for regular checkups and maintaining a healthy diet is the first line of defense.
Early detection and prompt treatment make all the difference between risk and a full recovery.