Pneumonia is one of the most serious respiratory diseases that can affect children. It occurs as a result of a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection affecting the lungs. This disease causes the alveoli to fill with fluid or pus, which impedes breathing and affects the level of oxygen in the blood.
What is pneumonia?
It is an inflammation of the lung tissue, causing difficulty breathing due to the accumulation of fluid or secretions within the alveoli. It can appear suddenly or gradually, and is more severe in young children.
What are the causes of pneumonia?
There are several causes that can lead to pneumonia:
- Bacterial infection, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae.
- Virginal infection, such as influenza or RSV.
- Weakened immune system.
- Inhaling harmful substances or irritants.
- Chronic diseases, such as asthma.
What are the symptoms of pneumonia?
Common symptoms of pneumonia include:
- A persistent cough, which may be accompanied by phlegm.
- Difficulty and rapid breathing.
- Fever.
- Loss of appetite and extreme fatigue.
- Blue discoloration of the lips or nails in advanced cases.
How is pneumonia diagnosed?
Pneumonia is diagnosed as follows:
- Physical examination by a physician.
- Auscultation of the lungs with a stethoscope.
- Chest x-ray.
- Blood tests to detect infection.